Топик Olympic Games. Топик на тему The Olympic Games на английском языке Олимпийские игры по английскому языку

The Olympic Games are one of the most spectacular reminders of the debt we owe to the Greeks.

The original Olympic Games were held every four years in honour of Zeus, the supreme god of Greek religion. The first record of the games dates from 776 B.C., but it is certain that they existed prior to that. They were held continuously for over 1.000 years until they were abolished in the reign of King Theodosius about 392 A.D. The Olympic festival was a great unifying bond between the Independent city-states of Greece.

The important sports in the original Olympic Games were running, jumping, wrestling, throwing the discus and throwing the javelin. Only men competed and they wore no clothes in order to have greater freedom of movement. Each competitor had to take the Olympic Oath - a promise to behave in a sportsman-like fashion.

The modern Olympic era began in 1894 when Frenchman Baron Pierre de Coubertin decided to revive the ancient Greek tradition of celebrating health, youth and peace with a sports festival. Baron de Coubertin created the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the first modem Olympiad took place in Athens in 1896. Since then the Olympic Games have been held every four years with only two exceptions because of the two world wars.

Even though the modern Olympic Games embrace the whole world, the connection with Greece is still very strong. A lighted torch is brought all the way from Greece, carried by a relay of runners, in order to light the Olympic Flame which bums all through the Games. As in ancient Greek times, the competitors still take the Olympic Oath. The long-distance race is still called the Marathon. Marathon was a village about 26 miles from Athens. In the year 490 BC the Greeks defeated a powerful Persian army at that spot. After the fierce day"s fighting a soldier volunteered to bring news of the victory to the anxious citizens of Athens. He ran all the way and after gasping out the message. "Rejoice, we conquer!" he collapsed and died.

One important rule of the Olympic Games is that the competitors must be amateurs. This rule has been under a lot of pressure in recent years because modem sport is so professional and competitive. Athletes train for years to take part in the Olympics and some countries spend much more than others on equipment and facilities. But despite these pressures, the amateur rule remains.

In modern times the Olympic movement has become an enormous and expensive organisation, It"s controlled by the International Olympic Committee, which consists of members from all the participating countries. The IOC is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It chooses the locations of both summer and winter games (both take place once very four years, with winter games half a year before summer Olympiads). It also controls the rules of the competitions and selects new Olympic sports. The famous flag of the IOC shows five rings of different colours linked together. The rings represent the five continents.

Olympic Games

The world"s greatest international sports games are known as the Olympic Games.

The Olympic idea means friendship, fraternity and cooperation among the people of the world. The Olympic Movement proves that real peace can be achieved through sport.

The Olympic emblem is five interlinked rings: blue, yellow, black, green and red. Any national flag contains at least one of these colours.

The original Olympic Games began in ancient Greece in 776 B.C. These games were part of a festival held every fourth year in honour of God Zeus at the place called Olympia. It was a great athletic festival, including competitions in wrestling, foot racing and chariot racing, rowing and others.

The games were for men only. Greek women were forbidden not only to participate but also to watch the Olympics.

The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896. Then they were resumed in London after the Second World War. Since then the Olympics are held every fourth year in different countries.

The ancient Greeks had no winter sports. Only in 1924 the first Winter Olympic Games were held in France. Now they are being held regularly.

Олимпийские игры

Самые известные в мире спортивные игры - Олимпийские.

Идея игр - дружба, братство и согласие народов мира. Олимпийское движение доказывает, что мир может быть достигнут благодаря спорту.

Олимпийская эмблема - пять переплетенных колец: голубое, желтое, черное, зеленое и красное. Флаг любой страны имеет хотя бы один из этих цветов.

В первый раз Олимпийские игры были проведены в Древней Греции в 776 году до н. э. Они были частью фестиваля, проводящегося каждый четвертый год в честь бога Зевса в Олимпии. Это был грандиозный спортивный праздник, включавший в себя соревнования по борьбе, бегу, езде на колесницах, гребле и др.

К играм допускались только мужчины, женщинам запрещалось не только участвовать, но и наблюдать.

Первые современные Олимпийские игры были проведены в 1896 в Афинах. Потом они были возобновлены в Лондоне после Второй мировой войны. С того времени Олимпийские игры проводятся каждый четвертый год в различных странах.

У древних греков не было зимних видов спорта. Только в 1924 году во Франции состоялись первые Зимние Олимпийские игры. Сейчас они проводятся регулярно.

Questions:

1. What are the world"s greatest sports games?
2. What does the Olympic idea mean?
3. What is the Olympic emblem?
4. Why have these colours been chosen?
5. When and where did the original Olympic Games begin?
6. Did women participate in the games?
7. When were the first modern Olympic Games held? Where?
8. Are the Olympics held in the same place?
9. When did the Winter Olympic Games start being held? Where?

Vocabulary:

peace - мир
fraternity - братство
contain(s) - содержать
ancient - древний
B.C. (before Christ) - до нашей эры
Zeus - Зевс
to participate - участвовать
to resume - возобновлять

The Olympic Games (1)

The Olympic Games have a very long history. They began in 777 ВС in Greece and took place every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia. They included many different kinds of sports: running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to Olympia to compete in the Games.

For the period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and friendship. In 394 AD the Games were abolished and were not renewed until many centuries later.

In 1894 French Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing bodies and pointed out the significance of sport and its educational value.

Two years later the first modern Olympic Games took place. Of course, the competitions were held in Greece to symbolize the continuation of the centuries-old tradition.

In 1896 the International Olympic Committee was set up. It is the central policy-making body of the Olympic movement. It is formed by the representatives of all countries, which take part in the Olympic Games.

Summer and Winter Games are held separately.

Олимпийские игры (1)

Олимпийские игры имеют очень длинную историю. Они начались в 777 г. до нашей эры в Греции и проводились каждые четыре года в течение приблизительно двенадцати столетий в Олимпии. Они включали в себя разные виды спорта: бег, бокс, борьбу и т. п. Все города Греции посылали своих лучших спортсменов в Олимпию для состязаний в играх.

В период игр все войны прекращались. Таким образом, Олимпийские игры стали символом мира и дружбы. В 394 г. нашей эры игры были отменены и не возобновлялись в течение многих веков.

В 1894 г. француз, барон Пьер де Кубертен, обратился ко всем руководящим спортивным органам и указал на важность спорта и его воспитательное значение.

Два года спустя были проведены первые современные Олимпийские игры. Конечно, соревнования проводились в Греции, чтобы символизировать продолжение вековой традиции.

В 1896 г. был создан Международный олимпийский комитет. Это главный орган, определяющий политику Олимпийского движения. В него входят представители всех стран, принимающих участие в Олимпийских играх.

Летние и зимние игры проводятся отдельно.

Questions:

1. When and where did the Olympic Games begin?
2. Why did the Olympic Games become the symbol of peace and friendship ?
3. When did the Games in Greece stop?
4. Who renewed the Olympic movement?
5. When and where did the first modern Games take place?
6. When was the International Olympic Committee set up? What is its function?
7. Are Summer and Winter Games held separately?
8. Where were the latest Olympic Games held?

Vocabulary:

ВС = Before Christ - до Рождества Христова, т. е. до н. э.
wrestling - борьба
to compete - соревноваться
AD = Anno Domini - в год Господень, т. е. н. э.
to abolish - отменять, упразднять
to hold - проводить
to set up - организовывать, создавать
separately - отдельно

Olympic Games.

According to historical records, the first ancient Olympic Games can be traced back to 776 BC. They were dedicated to the Olympian gods and were staged on the ancient plains of Olympia. They continued for nearly 12 centuries, until Emperor Theodosius decreed in 393 A.D. that all such "pagan cults" be banned.

Olympia

Olympia, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, is in the western part of the Peloponnese which, according to Greek mythology, is the island of "Pelops", the founder of the Olympic Games. Imposing temples, votive buildings, elaborate shrines and ancient sporting facilities were combined in a site of unique natural and mystical beauty. Olympia functioned as a meeting place for worship and other religious and political practices as early as the 10th century B.C. The central part of Olympia was dominated by the majestic temple of Zeus, with the temple of Hera parallel to it.

The Games and religion

The Olympic Games were closely linked to the religious festivals of the cult of Zeus, but were not an integral part of a rite. Indeed, they had a secular character and aimed to show the physical qualities and evolution of the performances accomplished by young people, as well as encouraging good relations between the cities of Greece. According to specialists, the Olympic Games owed their purity and importance to religion.

Victory Ceremonies

The Olympic victor received his first awards immediately after the competition. Following the announcement of the winner"s name by the herald, a Hellanodikis (Greek judge) would place a palm branch in his hands, while the spectators cheered and threw flowers to him. Red ribbons were tied on his head and hands as a mark of victory.

The official award ceremony would take place on the last day of the Games, at the elevated vestibule of the temple of Zeus. In a loud voice, the herald would announce the name of the Olympic winner, his father"s name, and his homeland. Then, the Hellanodikis placed the sacred olive tree wreath, or kotinos, on the winner"s head.

Викторина по теме "Олимпийские игры" .

The Olympic Games have a very long history. They began in 777 ВС in Greece and took place every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia. They included many different kinds of sports: running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to Olympia to compete in the Games.

For the period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and friendship. In 394 AD the Games were abolished and were not renewed until many centuries later.

In 1894 French Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing bodies and pointed out the significance of sport and its educational value.

Two years later the first modern Olympic Games took place. Of course, the competitions were held in Greece to symbolize the continuation of the centuries-old tradition.

In 1896 the International Olympic Committee was set up. It is the central policy-making body of the Olympic movement. It is formed by the representatives of all countries, which take part in the Olympic Games.

Summer and Winter Games are held separately.

Перевод топика: Олимпийские игры (1)

Олимпийские игры имеют очень длинную историю. Они начались в 777 г. до нашей эры в Греции и проводились каждые четыре года в течение приблизительно двенадцати столетий в Олимпии. Они включали в себя разные виды спорта: бег, бокс, борьбу и т. п. Все города Греции посылали своих лучших спортсменов в Олимпию для состязаний в играх.

В период игр все войны прекращались. Таким образом, Олимпийские игры стали символом мира и дружбы. В 394 г. нашей эры игры были отменены и не возобновлялись в течение многих веков.

В 1894 г. француз, барон Пьер де Кубертен, обратился ко всем руководящим спортивным органам и указал на важность спорта и его воспитательное значение.

Два года спустя были проведены первые современные Олимпийские игры. Конечно, соревнования проводились в Греции, чтобы символизировать продолжение вековой традиции.

В 1896 г. был создан Международный олимпийский комитет. Это главный орган, определяющий политику Олимпийского движения. В него входят представители всех стран, принимающих участие в Олимпийских играх.

Летние и зимние игры проводятся отдельно.